According to smber, agricultural activities contribute 5.7% to the formation of the gross national product and industrial activities (excluding construction and energy production) for 35.8%; these values were respectively 10.1% and 36.9% in 1962, 15.8% and 38.2% in 1952. The economy of the. it therefore appears to be affected by an intense process of “outsourcing”, like other advanced capitalist economies. However, this growth mainly concerns tertiary activities for the use of the population, rather than for the use of businesses, and is partly connected to the intense flow of foreign tourists, as well as to the internal increase in private consumption and the provision of collective services. In 1972 out of a total of 13.8 million guests, 10.7 million were foreigners, 63.1% from the Federal Republic of Germany out of 92, 9 million overnight stays (of which 32 million in private accommodation) 72.2 million were given by foreigners, 77.3% of which came from the Federal Republic of Germany; the number of overnight stays has more than quadrupled compared to the best years of the pre-war period (in 1938 it was 20.9 million). The constant deficit of the trade balance of the Austria, in the last twenty years has been largely compensated by the revenues connected to tourism (in 1972 equal to 81.5% of this deficit which was 31.916 million shillings). Tourism (mainly in summer) benefits the main historical centers (such as Vienna) and the Austria alpine, where it is particularly widespread in Tourism (mainly in summer) benefits the main historical centers (such as Vienna) and the Austria alpine, where it is particularly widespread in Tourism (mainly in summer) benefits the main historical centers (such as Vienna) and the Austria alpine, where it is particularly widespread inWestern Länder and Carinthia: in 1972 these Länder absorbed 76% of foreign tourists and 83% of their overnight stays.
Despite the stationary nature of total employment, the industrial sector has undergone not negligible structural transformations, and production has significantly increased in almost every class of industry, except in the extractive ones, where employment has also decreased further. These results have been obtained through a productive specialization and a growing restructuring of companies, facts that have led to their economic and territorial concentration (in the main urban agglomerations).
However, the industrial structure of the Austria it still remains characterized by the dominance of medium and small companies, except in the steel industry, metallurgy and heavy mechanics, classes in which in the past there was a greater economic and territorial concentration.
Despite a relatively greater dynamism of the industrial structure of the Austria western, which has been diversifying, the main industrial regions continue to be the Austria Lower with Vienna (which hold 48.7% of the factories, 44.4% of the employees and 43.1% of the value of the industrial production of the Austria), Austria Superiore and Styria (together they have 27.1% of the factories, 35.8% of the employed and 37.0% of the production value).
In the mining sector, various productions, although mostly insufficient for internal consumption, have had moderate increases. The extraction of iron ore has risen to 4.1 million t (equal to 71% of the ore processed in Austria). The coal and bauxite mines are now inactive. Electricity production continues to rise, reaching 29,388 million kWh (58.7% of water) against an internal consumption of 27,870 million kWh in 1972.
Also in the agricultural sector there has been an increase, albeit much weaker, in the production index. The contraction of employment was compensated by intense mechanization, which led to a certain land consolidation. However, this process has not yet reached the desirable levels for an effective modernization of agriculture. On the whole, the productive specialization of the agricultural economy of the Austria Of the agricultural and forest area used (7.1 million ha), 45.2% was occupied by forests and woods, 38% by pastures, permanent meadows, and alternate, forage and corn.
Despite the surplus of timber, meat, milk and dairy products, the trade balance of food products and agricultural raw materials is decidedly negative. The trade in fuels and minerals, chemical products, machines, means of transport and capital goods in general is also passive; on the other hand, the trade in semi-finished products and finished consumer goods is active. The total deficit of the trade balance is given above all by the exchanges with the Federal Republic of Germany (in 1972 the negative balance with this country was 30,360 million shillings). 57.9% of imports (in total equal to 120.576 million shillings) and 38.7% of exports (89.747 million) are given by the EEC countries (respectively 41.9% and 22.4% by the Rep. Fed. Of Germany).
